What is the Papillomacular bundle?

Papillomacular bundle: A collection of retinal ganglion cells that carry the information from the macula (the central retina) to the optic nerve and on to the brain. If damaged, central visual field defects occur.

What is the function of nerve fiber layer?

The nerve fiber layer maintains a certain degree of retinotopy as it traverses the retina and then turns 90° posteriorly through the optic disk into the optic nerve.

What is retinal nerve fiber layer?

The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) or nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the optic disc, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata.

What is Neuroretinal rim?

A term used in describing the area of the optic disc which contains the neural elements and is located between the edge of the disc and the physiological cup. When describing the neuroretinal rim, as is often done in cases of glaucoma, one must include its colour, size, slope and uniformity.

What is kinetic perimetry?

A test of visual field impairment in which a person’s ability to see peripherally placed objects is assessed by moving the objects but keeping their size and brightness unchanged.

What is normal nerve fiber layer thickness?

Results. Average (±SD) RNFL thickness for normal subjects was found to be 102.37 ± 7.45 (range, 82–119 microns) compared with 90.74 ± 14.50 found for glaucoma subjects.

What causes RNFL?

RNFL thinning is seen on OCT in both glaucoma and nonglaucomatous optic neuropathies and central nervous system diseases. These diseases include ischemic optic neuropathy, optic neuritis, hereditary optic neuropathy, traumatic optic neuropathy, MS, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease.

What is normal retinal nerve fiber layer thickness?

Mean RNFL thickness (360° measurement) ranged from 40 to 105 µm in OHT eyes, from 46 to 106 µm in normal eyes, and from 4 to 85 µm in glaucomatous eyes.

What is the normal RNFL thickness?

The average RNFL thickness was 104.17 ± 10.71 μm. The mean values for the RNFL thickness were 129.15 ± 16.87 μm, 135.34 ± 20.40 μm, 85.10 ± 23.60 μm, and 67.19 ± 13.27 μm for the inferior, superior, nasal, and temporal quadrants, respectively.

What is notching in glaucoma?

Notching of the neuroretinal rim is a sign that a focal area of loss occurred within the rim tissue. Notching most commonly occurs at the inferior temporal or superior temporal aspect of the disc and often is associated with corresponding nerve fiber layer defects.